Spanking Essay Example For Students

Spanking Essay Word Count: 884DoesLead Child Abuse?Were you spanked as a child? Do you think spanking effected you? Every parent has been in a situation where a good spanking seems like the only way to put an end to little Juniors temper tantrum. Parents use a number to reasons, some you may have heard, to use spanking as a form of discipline. They may say Spare the rod and spoil the child. Or I was spanked and I turned out okey. Even Kids need spanking to show them whos boss.The issue I wish to present is whether or not spanking leads to a rise in child abuse and later violence. Do children who are spanked or physically punished see spanking as a violent act? Do they learn to see violence as an acceptable way to solve a problem? When parents spank their children are they guiding them or controlling them?Nancy Samalin, author of Love and Anger, believes that spanking is nothing more than a big person hitting a smaller person and it can do damage to your childs conscious. A child who obeys because of the fear of being spanked, she explains is most likely not to develop a sense of right or wrong without being policed by a more powerful authority figure. (Samalin, p. 154). We will write a custom essay on Spanking specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She believes that spanking the child you have not set an example that you want your child to follow in the future. New studies have shown that children who are abused by their parents physically, emotionally, or sexually grow up and become abusive parents themselves. Further studies have shown that children who are physically punished lack empathy and concern that helps them care for others. A public opinion poll conducted by the National Committee for the Prevention of Child Abuse in 1994 asked parents how they disciplined their children in the previous year. Denying privileges was used by 79 percent of the parents; confinement to a room was used by 59 percent; 49 percent spanked or hit their children; and 45 percent insulted or swore at their children. What was amazing about these statistics was that 51 percent did not spank their children. Now consider the rise in child abuse cases that has caused public-health officials scrambling for an explanation blaming spanking made sense. Trouble is, while spanking is down, child abuse is still up. Joan McCord, author of Questioning the Value of Punishment, believes that punishment in general is the reason for the increase in child abuse and violence. She found that neglected, abused, rejected, as well as those physically punished tend to become antisocial. Many childhood development experts suggest that reasoning, talking, and listening to children work well in teaching what is right and wrong. According to University of New Hampshire sociologist Murray Straus when parents use corporal punishment to reduce antisocial behavior, the long-term effect tends to be opposite. (Time, p 65). He also suggests that sparing the rod will help reduce overall levels of violence in America. Stratus found that children whose parents spanked them, when compared to those not spanked, were more aggressive, had higher rates of juvenile delinquency, had higher rates of spousal abuse, had lower economic achievement, and showed higher drug and alcohol abuse rates. By spanking, he claims, parents model the norm of violence and legitimizes it as a way to solve problems. (Straus, p127). In proving his claim Straus collected information from phone interviews conducted by the United States Bureau of Labor. Statistics started in 1979 with 807 mothers with children ages six to nine. They were asked how many times they had spanked their children in the past week and what the childs behavior was like- did they lie, cheat, steal, act up in school? Two years later the same group was polled again and sure enough, the children who had been spanked had become antisocial. .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 , .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .postImageUrl , .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 , .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786:hover , .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786:visited , .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786:active { border:0!important; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786:active , .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786 .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6c24e4972f530c769c5a8dce896bf786:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dead Poets Society Essay Introduction However in looking at the statistics more closely, Dr. Den Trumbull, a pro-spanking devotee, found that the mothers ranged in the age from 14 to 24. Those who spanked did so on an average of twice a week. He also observed that the limiting the age to six to nine years old misrepresented the results. By the age of six to nine the children can understand the consequences of their actions. For them physical punishment, such as spanking, is more likely to be more humiliating and traumatizing. These factors, says Trumbull, plus the fact that some of the kids were as old as nine are markers of a dysfunctional family in the mind and in the minds of most psychologist and pediatricians. (Time, p. 67). According to Trumbull, many other studies have shown that physical punishment is effective and not harmful to childhood development if it is restricted to children between 18 months to 6 years of age. Children between these ages have poor understanding of the consequences of their behavior. He also suggests that spanking should be only as a last resort. After putting the child on a time-out then warn him or her that the next act up will bring on a whack on the bottom.

Should America Abolish the Federal Reserve System Essay Example

Should America Abolish the Federal Reserve System Essay Example Should America Abolish the Federal Reserve System Essay Should America Abolish the Federal Reserve System Essay Should the United States Abolish the Federal Reserve System? The Federal Reserve System was instituted on December 23rd, 1913 by an act of Congress and serves as the central bank of the United States (â€Å"Federal Reserve System†). It is made up of twelve Reserve Banks with its headquarters in Washington D. C. The Board of Governors consists of seven members and two of them are designated and confirmed Chairman and Vice Chairman. The Chairman and Vice Chairman serve for four year terms while the other members serve fourteen year terms (The Structure of the Federal Reserve System). The responsibility of the Federal Reserve System is to conduct the nations monetary policy, supervise and regulate banking institutions, maintain the stability of the financial system and provide financial services to depository institutions, the U. S. government, and foreign official institutions (Bachman, Jess). Henry Ford once said, â€Å"It is well enough that the people of the nation do not understand our banking and monetary system, for if they did, I believe there would be revolution before tomorrow morning. (Conspiracies of the Federal Reserve†¦. † There are but a few persons who truly know about the Federal Reserve System. What people must realize is that the Federal Reserve System virtually controls the monetary system of the United States, yet it is accountable to no one. It has no budget, it is subject to no audit and no Congressional Committee knows of, or can truly supervise its operations. Therefore, the United States of America should abolish the Federal R eserve System simply because it lacks transparency, it caters to the rich and wealthy of the nation instead of the poor and middle class and it is not a government institution or a bank. If this is the case then why should a private institution be in control of the government funds and why should an institution that is not a bank serve as the central bank of a nation? There are many who question the Federal Reserve and why it is not transparent like other central banks in developed countries and also whether or not this lack of transparency will affect the economy. For many years the Federal Reserve has explicitly defended secrecy and opposed full disclosure. They believe that fuller disclosure will promote unnecessary volatility in financial markets, benefit certain speculators and interfere with the execution of money policy(Bachman, Jess). The fact is that secrecy of the monetary policy will increase financial market uncertainty, unvolatility, and larger uncertainty premiums in interest rates. According to the President of the Federal Reserve Bank in Kansas City, a potential solution to the problem of lack of transparency is â€Å"advancing how they use the minutes†(Grurdman, Don J. . He believes that forcing the Federal Reserve System to be more honest and open when crisis occur, allowing them to be questioned on the economic policy and giving wide publicity to their decisions will help bankers and investors make wise and safe decisions that can help the market to grow, but since the Federal Reserve was created it has always operated in the shadows, without sufficient scrutiny or oversight of its operations. In one instance, the Federal Reserve can enter into agreements with foreign central banks and foreign government yet the Government Accountability Office is prohibited from auditing or even seeing these agreements(Conspiracies of the Federal†¦. ). If the Federal Reserve System cannot operate in openness then why should it be in operation? The Federal Reserve was always in favour of the rich of the country. There are three financial forces that keep the poor and middle class working hard and struggling financially. These forces are taxes, debt and inflation and retirement (Kiyosaki, Robert T. ). It is important to understand that these forces are kept alive by the Federal Reserve System’s license to print money. America was basically tax-free in the early days. In 1862 the first income tax was used to pay for the Civil War. In 1895, the Supreme Court ruled that income tax was unconstitutional but however, in 1913 when the Federal Reserve System was created, income tax was made permanent. By this the rich could put their hands in the people’s pockets via taxes permanently. Also, inflation which is caused by the Federal Reserve printing money to pay the government’s bills makes the cost of living very expensive for the poor and middle class but the rich get richer since they are the ones who own the big businesses. Additionally, in 1974 the U. S. Congress passed the ERISA and this forced Americans to invest in the stock market for their retirement through mediums such as 401(k). Such investments normally have high fees, high risks and low returns. Because of this, today many people do not have enough money to retire because they have lost all their wealth in the stock market crash (Kiyoskai, Robet T. ). When we look at the relationship between the Federal Reserve and the three forces we can indeed conclude that the poor and middle class have not been served justice. If the Federal Reserve System is one that is biased and caters to only one class in the American society then it should without a doubt be abloished. Thomas Jefferson, declared, If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their money, first by inflation and then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them, will deprive the people of their property until their children will wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered†(Supinski, Ron). From the beginning it was persons like Thomas Jefferson who knew that the idea of allowing private banks to control the nation’s funds would not to be beneficial to the American society and this is why the Federal Reserve System should be abolished. It is a privately owned bank. In the Federal Reserve decisions do not have to be ratified by the President or anyone else in the executive or legislative branch of government (Brown, Ellen). The shareholders of the Federal Reserve are private banks. In fact 100% of its shareholders are private banks and none is owned by the government (Brown, Ellen). By law, ownership of a certain amount of stock is a condition of membership so if the government is not a member of this institution, why is it in charge of the nation’s monetary system? Shouldn’t this be one aspect the government should have the ultimate say in? In the case of John L. Lewis/Appellant vs. The United States of America/Apellee, it was held: It is clear from this that in some circumstances, the Federal Reserve Bank can be considered a government instrumentality, but cannot be considered a federal agency, because the term carries with it the assumption that the federal government has direct oversight over what the Fed does. Of course it does not, because most people who know about this subject know that the Fed is politically independent. (Court Rules Federal Reserve is Privately Owned) Because of this ruling, the United States government was not entitled to pay John Lewis for the injuries he received from an accident that involved a vehicle belonging to the Federal Reserve. It is quite evident now that the Federal is indeed a private institution and because of this it should not control the United States’ monetary system and it should be abolished. Up to this present day many Americans still argue that it was the Federal Reserve System that saved the United States from the Panic of 1907. It was believed that the United States unlike European states was vulnerable without a central bank and if the Federal Reserve hadn’t come along to extend the supply of money during periods of low cash reserves, the country was going to undergo the most severe and far reaching money panic in its history. Sadly, the Federal Reserve still failed in preventing the even worse bank failures in the Great Depression. What Americans must understand is that the Panic of 1907 was not caused because the United States did not have a central bank. The main cause of the crash was stock market and real estate speculation (Flodvary, Fred). This shows that if there was a central bank established, there may have been the same results since there is no proof of the Federal Reserve being the one to save the economy of the United States during that time. I must remind the audience that from the beginning when idea of the Federal Reserve came into existence it was always a big secret where everyone was left in the dark. Many secret meetings were held on Jerkyll Island where banking ideas were discussed and the plan eventually became the Federal Reserve System (Foldvary, Fred). The Federal Reserve System did not come into existence to help the Americans overcome the panic of 1907 but it was created with the interest of its creators in mind. Even when the Federal Reserve Act was passed in Congress, there were only three members present. This was because there were many persons who really knew what the future of the American economy in the hands of the Federal Reserve looked like and they had opposed it. The monetary system is not what Americans are led to believe. The creation of money has been privatized, or taken over by private money lenders and Thomas Jefferson called them â€Å"bold and bankrupt adventurers just pretending to have money† (Brown,Ellen). The banking system has been contrived by the Federal Reserve so that big banks always get bailed out by the taxpayers from their risky ventures. The deceptions of the Federal Reserve concerning the money scheme has been unraveled and a crystal clear picture is presented of the financial abyss towards which America has been led to. There is workable alternative to the Federal Reserve, one that was tested in colonial America and is grounded in the best of American economic thought, including the writings of Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln. This alternative is a federal agency owned by the government that can be subject to an audit, has a buget, accountable to someone and in a position where its operations can be truly supervised. This idea has already been thought out by America’s greatest minds. It is now that time for the American government to take those ideas in order to continue in the best interest of its people and abolish the Federal Reserve System for good! Bachman, Jess. A Visual Guide to the Federal Reserve System. (2009). Brown, Ellen. The Web of Debt: The Shocking Truth about Our Money System. Third Millennium Press, 2008. - . Who owns the Federal Reserve? The South Florida Business Journal (2008): 73-75. Conspiracies of the Federal Reserve System. Perf. Ron Paul. 2008. Court Rules Federal Reserve is Privately Owned. No. 04-2357. United States Courts of Appeal. 28 April 2005. Federal Reserve System. 2010. 20 October 2010 lt;www. britannica. comgt;. Foldvary, Fred E. The Panic of 1907. 1 May 2007. 12 October 2010 lt;www. freerepublic. com/focusgt;. Grurdmann, Don J. The Truth about the Federal Reserve- The Biggest Financial Crime in the History of the United States. (n. d. ): 1-2. Kiyosaki, Robert T. Rich Dads Conspiracy of the Rich. New York: Business Plus and CASHFLOW Technologies, Inc. , 2009. Supinski, Ron. The Federal Reserve System is a Private Bank. 8 October 1992. 15 October 2010 lt;www. the7thfire. com/Politics%20and%20History/Federal-Reserve. htmlgt;. The Structure of the Federal Reserve System. 3 July 2003. 2 November 2010 lt;www. federalreserve. govgt;.

What influenced the writing of this piece of literature Essay

What influenced the writing of this piece of literature - Essay Example When it was first published, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† did become famous, but it was only for the ability of the author to picturize the Bayou Louisiana so vividly, not for the tremendous social impact her writings had. Chopin’s writings were influenced by her personal life experiences, which were quite extraordinary. Monsieur Valmonde, a Creole gentleman, finds the infant Desiree abandoned by unknown persons near his home .He and his wife bring up the child as their own. Desiree grows up into a beautiful young woman, with whom their young aristocratic neighbor, Armand Aubigny falls in love. They get married, and Desiree is very happy at first. Soon she has a baby son and Armand is proud and happy. He becomes gentle even towards the slaves. Soon it becomes apparent to everybody around her that the baby is of mixed blood .Armand becomes cold towards her and when she asks him what was the meaning of it, Armand tells her bluntly that neither baby nor she is white. In despair, Desiree writes to her adopted mother who tells her to come home with the baby. She asks her husband whether she should go, and he tells her brutally to go. Desiree takes her baby and disappears into the bayou and is never seen again. Some time later, Armand puts everything that belonged to Desiree and her baby into the flames. During that time he comes across an old letter written by his mother to his father which reveals the secret that his own mother was not white. Written in a simple style, the story centers about the complex subject of miscegenation. The protagonist Desiree, is a woman of unknown parentage, who was found â€Å"lying asleep in the shadow of the big stone pillar†(Chopin) by Monsiur Valmonde, has been brought up as their own daughter by the childless Creole couple, Monsieur and Madame Valmonde. †The prevailing belief was that she had been purposely left by a party of Texans, whose canvas covered wagons, later in the day, had crossed the ferry

European monetary policy and stock market Essay

European monetary policy and stock market - Essay Example The effect of global market and the integration of the financial markets shows the effect on the stock market and economy due to the changes in monetary policies have profound impacts with respect to defining the future of economics. It is evident that local stock markets would feel the effects of change in the monetary policies; however, the level of impact would be different in other regions - especially within different economic sectors that might not have same level of effect (Nuno & Claudio, 2002). Thus analysts and economists around the world believe that it is not only monetary policy and foreign policy that help to define market action but also the foreign economic policy that impacts the stock price and volatility of the stock market. From such an understanding, it must also be noted that it is the central bank that designs the monetary policy for any region in order to control the macro-economic factors and devise a wholistic strategy for the economy. It has been the volatility of the stock market that has increased the focus towards the role of central banks in helping to prevent or reduce the disruptive effects of the financial shocks on the economy (Bernanke, 1999). It is also required to be understood that role of stock prices should be defined and the monetary policy should take into account the stock prices; due to the fact that they whether are related or not to the fundamentals they can have a destabilizing effect on the economy. Many analysts represent he view that in order to ensure the long term success of the monetary policy price stability must be ensured; thus integrating role of stock market in to the monetary policy (Lawrence, et al., 2010). This integration would allow the central bank to preven t the volatility of the stock market and ensure economic stability. This has especially been true since the

Case study week 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Case study week 6 - Essay Example On the other hand, IFAC focuses on upholding global business standards and corporate ethical behavior to satisfy universal stakeholders. As an important component of economic success and public or private investment, credibility, transparency, and competency are fundamental value in the accounting practice. Specifically, this is ideal for ensuring reliability, quality services, and moral behavior to promote the ethical standards of the occupation. In addition, the development of quality service through the observation of the moral standards attracts investors (Brewer,  2015). The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is mandated with proposing new regulations and invite the public to submit their opinion on how to make the accounting professional better and comply with the ethical standards. In executing their duties, regulatory bodies need to embrace transparency as a core value to enhance ethical behavior in accounting occupation. Public transparency in the regulatory practices is essential for standardizing ethical practices in accounting. There are uncountable regulatory agencies that exist in different international, national, regional, and local levels (Brewer,  2015). Due to the increase in global economies and the demand for accounting reports, ethical practices have become fundamental to the practice, fostering an intervention by agencies to manage and control the moral

Role Of Arabic Language In Islamic Culture

Role Of Arabic Language In Islamic Culture The importance of language to the development of human civilization and its cultural face can be laid emphasis to the fact that language is purely human and non-instinctive methods of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of voluntary produced symbols. (Lyons, 1991, p. 3) However, taking note from the above belief, we feel that there is much more to language than just meet the eyes. In another sense, the definition and description of language as stated above also suffers from some defects, and has its limits, given that languages is broader in its cultural forms. Add to it, communication through languages also can take many forms and formats, not just the sole consideration that limit itself to ideas, emotions and the likes of desires, which are beyond the voluntarily produced symbols. To put language in a proper sense, we can relate that language is a system of vocal symbols by means of a social group co-operation. (Lyons, 1991, p. 5) Understood so, we can add that it will be proper to make a brief analysis on the subject of language and culture, so as to come to the conclusion on the role language played in the culture sphere, and its impact. But what encounters us in these analytical segments is the basic question, what is culture? From a scholastic point of views, culture has several related senses, which means that culture itself is synonyms with civilization. And in the second sense, culture is often employed without any implication of unilingual human progress from barbarism to civilization without any prior value judgment being made as to the aesthetic or intellectual quality of a particular society, be it in arts, literature, institutions, which defines its own distinctive subculture. (Lyons, 1991, pp. 301-302) The role of Arabic Language in Islamic Culture Right from the outset and when we relate to culture in conjunction and juxtaposition with language, and assimilating their meaning, there is some sense of relevance that adds up, and which raises the question central to this essay and its arguments. To be precise, what concern the essay proposal and attempt made in that regard can be laid emphasis to the notion and the role of Arabic language in Islamic cultures, which are as follows:- Threats that impact Arabic language The strength of Arabic language and the Islamic culture in particular Problems that the Arabic culture faced. Thus, subject to these assumption that relates to the subject matter, the following discussion describes the same in their subheading so as to drive home the value judgment and criticisms from an objective point of view. Threats that impacted Arabic language and culture: The past, present and future Before we turn to the threats that impacted the Arabic language, it will be proper to analyze Arabic language, and as literature relates to Arabic belongs to the groups of languages collectively known as the Semitic language, which constitutes groups of the Middle East region and North Africa. And the earliest known Semitic spoken language is the Akkadian, spoken in Mesopotamia between 2500 BC and 600 BC. (Versteegh, 2001, p. 9) What we can drive home from this brief absorption can be premised in the ethnic and regional boundaries of the past. And as scholars relates to, there is nothing much that is known on the earliest stages of Arabic languages and when the Arabian nomads came to the Arabian peninsular, besides the language they spoke also is hard indeed to predict, assumed that Arabic was mostly spoken, given the inscription in the civilization of that era, that is to say the available Arabian civilization. (Versteegh, 2001, p. 23) In addition, Arabic in the pre-Islamic period that is revealed through the Quran and its manuscripts in all its essence describe the language and its forms, (Versteegh, 2001, p. 37)which till today commands its space and that which register readily with scholars. Besides, what is most significant to the development of the Arabic language constitutes the periods of the Islamic conquest, just after the death of Prophet Mohammed, where a drastic sea change was brought about to Arabic language and its forms that significantly spread from Syria to Egypt and where Islam took centre stage in the cultural development of the region, where Arabic spoken people were united under Islamic domination. (Versteegh, 2001, p. 93) However, as human civilization and in particular Arabian civilization progressed, threat to its language and cultural forms also increased. And relevant to such a scenario is the emergence of modern standards in languages, wherein, Arabic and French had to compete for the status of language of prestige and from the language reformer perspective, it means to devalue the classical language by debasing it with dialect influence or the abolition of grammatical rules. (Versteegh, 2001, p. 186) Moreover, what we can analyze from a modern perspective, the biggest threats to Arabian language also came from foreign languages and their domination in the Arab world when European imperialism was spreading fast. Thus, English, French, Italian and Spanish, and the fact that English also commands a significant place in the colonized region of the Arab world, (Fishman, 2001, p. 385) make it more reliable to place these languages as a threats to Arabian language in the Middle East region. Apart, the 21st century also presents the Arab world the challenges that may determine its future for generations, be it in maintaining their cultural identify and the danger that comes it due to abundant influence of the western world. (Najjar, 2005) Strength of the Arabic Language and the Islamic culture Assimilating from the aforementioned statements and its arguments, we cant deny the facts that languages be it English, French or Arabic and the threats in their own domains defines it own extent as and when human civilization progressed across national boundaries. In fact, Arabic as a language is known to be a great influence to the cultural face of the Arab world and Islamism in particular. Take for instance, the ties that connect the Arabic language to its history also places it in a unique position among major world languages of the contemporary world, which also defines the strength. Add to it, the historical connection of Arab language also brings both strength and weakness, which does not devalue the importance of historical connection; rather it serves as the fundamental consideration when setting guideline for the future. (Kassem M. Wahba, 2006, p. 386) The tradition that relates to Arabic language can be laid more emphasis to the notion that the centrality of the Arabic language in contemporary context of the Arab world is the result of the continuous foreign presence in Arab speaking countries in the modern era. As a result of it, a threatening feeling among Arab nationalist and intellectuals grew who views such development as an attempt to alter Arab cultural identity and its heritage. (Kassem M. Wahba, 2006, p. 386) Add to it, Globalization and its impact also deeply concerned Arab intellectuals and the disinclination of the western world and their Islamic biases. (Najjar, 2005) But, we can add and conclude that Arabic language in the contemporary context is rich in history, which links together its culture, traditions and that which defines the Islamic world at large. Problems that the Arabic culture faced From a modern analysis to Arabic cultural issue, the countenance of globalization bridged a way to Islamic threats. (Najjar, 2005) And as scholars have related to, culture are timeless and omnipresent, which exists and influences all nation at all time and draws a fine line to augment cultural dominance, which also grants individuals their full personal, social and cultural character. (Lewis, 2007) However, in the face of globalization and western influences, Islamic heritage and Arabic language and culture faced the dangers of being sidelines. (Najjar, 2005) Moreover, how to preserve Muslim cultural autonomy in the face of many recurring western influences also constitutes another relevant problem. Add to it, intellectual cultural differences between Arab masses and elitist are also one such problem that posits, plus the cultural issue of free Arab thinkers and free cultural expression, (El-shibiny, 2005, pp. 63, 65) that is thought to be under constant restraint from outside elements. Conclusion and recommendation Linguistic or languages as we know of in general assumptions is said to have played a dominant role in the development of culture and human civilization across the globe. Thus, it can be recommended that incorporate Arab culture in the face of globalization and its influence can be reinforced through the spirit of brotherhood, develop common Arab cultural trends and most importantly reviving the idea of Arab culture itself, (El-shibiny, 2005, p. 76) Furthermore, it can be concluded through a recommendation that an interest in the development of modern language education technology as a means to strengthening the participation of Arabic in various aspect of global activities is also a must. Add to it, efforts to develop Arabic education, plus research that gives importance to language and cultural heritage is also a need of the hour, (Kassem M. Wahba, 2006, pp. 385-86) which is what we can finally conclude on how the role of Arabic language can significantly bridged and reforms Islamic culture.

Winter Moon :: essays research papers

Critique of Winter Moon In Winter Moon by Dean Koontz a cloudy Los Angeles, California day is shattered when a hot Hollywood director turns a city street into a fiery abyss. A heroic police officer, Jack McGarvey, is badly wounded in the inferno and will not be able to walk for months. Little does Jack know that a series of events will lead him and his family to a ranch in Montana. On that isolated ranch they discover their destiny in a horrific encounter with a ruthless and puzzling enemy from which neither the living nor dead are safe. Koontz’s novels seem to have one thing in common. Their themes are about how the human mind and spirit relate to things in life. He doesn’t stray from that commonality in Winter Moon. Koontz’s purpose in writing the book was to show that the power of the mind is yet an unmatched force. Both my mother and I agree that he accomplished this very well. His use of characters also fits a pattern that has developed in his writing. Koontz uses the same two characters in many of his novels: the heroic, faithful male and the strong female. Koontz’s employment of indirect characterization is impeccable, and makes the reader feel as though they really know the characters. At the beginning, the book can seem confusing, whereas Koontz jumps back and forth from character to character. I feel that after the reader has become accustomed to it, the switching between characters creates good stopping points. However, my mom found it annoying and didn’t like the switching. Koontz explodes into action during the first chapter, which grips the reader and holds their attention throughout the rest of the book. The novel starts out as two separate stories: a police officer’s family living in L.A. and an old retired man living in Montana. As the book progresses the two stories become more connected, and finally intertwined. The book can seem confusing at the start. However, the confusion of the reader is used by Koontz to make the ending more intense. Koontz certainly unleashes his vivid imagination in this novel, whereas some of the details and occurrences can leave a weak stomached reader feeling nauseous. My mom said that she couldn’t sleep after reading one of the more disturbing sequences of events. The setting of Winter Moon occurs in two different places. Two places that are complete opposites: Los Angeles, California and a ranch in Montana.